C.G. v. B.C.

THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

SUPREME COURT

In Case No. 2023-0652, C.G. v. B.C., the court on March 18,
2024, issued the following order:

The court has reviewed the written arguments and the record submitted on
appeal, and has determined to resolve the case by way of this order. See Sup. Ct.
R. 20(2). The defendant appeals an order of the Circuit Court (Subers, J.), issued
following a hearing, granting a civil stalking final order of protection in favor of
the plaintiff. See RSA 633:3-a (Supp. 2023). He argues that the evidence was
insufficient to support a finding that he stalked the plaintiff. We affirm.

We review sufficiency of the evidence claims as a matter of law and uphold
the findings and rulings of the trial court unless they are lacking in evidentiary
support or are erroneous as a matter of law. Fisher v. Minichiello, 155 N.H. 188,
190 (2007). “We accord considerable weight to the trial court’s judgments on the
credibility of witnesses and the weight to be given testimony.” Id. We view the
evidence in the light most favorable to the prevailing party; here, the plaintiff.
See id.

A person commits the offense of stalking if, among other things, that
person “[p]urposely, knowingly, or recklessly engages in a course of conduct
targeted at a specific person which would cause a reasonable person to fear for
his or her personal safety or the safety of a member of that person’s immediate
family, and the person is actually placed in such fear.” RSA 633:3-a, I(a).
“Course of conduct” is defined as two or more acts over a period of time, however
short, which evidences a continuity of purpose. RSA 633:3-a, II(a). A course of
conduct may include, among other things, “[f]ollowing, approaching, or
confronting that person, or a member of that person’s immediate family,”
“[a]ppearing in close proximity to, or entering the person’s residence, place of
employment, school, or other place where the person can be found,” “[p]lacing an
object on the person’s property, either directly or through a third person, or that
of an immediate family member,” or “[a]ny act of communication.” RSA 633:3-a,
II(a)(2), (3), (5), (7). However, a course of conduct does not include
constitutionally protected activity, nor conduct that was necessary to accomplish
a legitimate purpose independent of making contact with the targeted person.
RSA 633:3-a, II(a). The plaintiff bears the burden to prove “stalking” by a
preponderance of the evidence. RSA 633:3-a, III-a; Fisher, 155 N.H. at 190.

In this case, the trial court found, among other things, that the defendant
had been “inappropriately interested in [the plaintiff] since[] she was 15 years
old[,] when he made inappropriate comments,” and that, several years ago, the
defendant “again brought up his interest in [p]laintiff when having a conversation
with [p]laintiff’s father.” The court also found that, recently, the plaintiff had
received a letter from the defendant, and that the stamp on the letter had not
been cancelled by the post office. This caused the plaintiff to fear for her safety,
as she believed that the defendant may have hand-delivered the letter to her
mailbox. The court concluded that “[r]egardless of how the letter got into
[p]laintiff’s mailbox, [p]laintiff said it was unsolicited and that it was creepy that
after all these years, [d]efendant, [many] years [her] senior[,] still appears to be
fixated on her and knows her address.”

Although the defendant emphasizes contrary evidence, and offers
alternative explanations and interpretations of the evidence, we conclude, based
upon our review of the record, that the evidence supports the trial court’s
findings. Moreover, the record demonstrates that the trial court had before it
certain documents that the plaintiff relied upon during the hearing in support of
her claims, and that she attested to the truth of all of the allegations in her
petition. The defendant, however, has failed to provide this court with copies of
those documents for our review. See Bean v. Red Oak Prop. Mgmt., 151 N.H.
248, 250 (2004) (holding that “[i]t is the burden of the appealing party . . . to
provide this court with a record sufficient to decide [their] issues on appeal”).
Accordingly, absent copies of those documents, we must assume that they lend
further support to the result reached by the trial court. See id.; In the Matter of
Birmingham & Birmingham, 154 N.H. 51, 56-57 (2006) (noting that such rules
are not relaxed for self-represented parties).

Affirmed.

MacDonald, C.J., and Bassett, Hantz Marconi, Donovan, and Countway,
JJ., concurred.

Timothy A. Gudas,
Clerk

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