Jason Cariker v. Robert Yovanov & a.

THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

SUPREME COURT

In Case No. 2019-0182, Jason Cariker v. Robert Yovanov &
a., the court on October 10, 2019, issued the following order:

Having considered the brief, the memorandum of law, and the record
submitted on appeal, we conclude that oral argument is unnecessary in this
case. See Sup. Ct. R. 18(1). We vacate and remand.

The plaintiff, Jason Cariker, appeals an order of the Circuit Court (Lyons,
J.) dismissing his small claim complaint against the defendants, Robert
Yovanov and Cynthia Yovanov, and granting a default judgment on the
defendants’ counterclaim, based upon his failure to attend a pretrial hearing.
See Dist. Div. R. 4.4(b). He argues that the trial court erred by not striking the
default for good cause shown. See id.

We will not disturb the trial court’s ruling on a motion seeking to strike a
default judgment unless the trial court erred as a matter of law or
unsustainably exercised its discretion. In the Matter of Maynard & Maynard,
155 N.H. 630, 633 (2007). To establish that the trial court unsustainably
exercised its discretion, the plaintiff must demonstrate that its ruling was
clearly untenable or unreasonable to the prejudice of his case. State v.
Lambert, 147 N.H. 295, 296 (2001).

The record establishes that the plaintiff failed to attend a pretrial
conference scheduled for November 20, 2018. Under District Division Rule
4.4(b), a party’s failure to attend a pretrial hearing in a small claim case “shall
result in a judgment in favor of the other party,” and any default judgment
entered as a result “shall not be stricken except upon a finding of good cause
by the court.” Dist. Div. R. 4.4(b). As a result of the plaintiff’s failure to attend
the pretrial conference, the trial court dismissed the plaintiff’s claim and
granted judgment of $1,445 in favor of the defendants on their counterclaim.

The plaintiff moved for reconsideration, stating that he had been
“involuntarily hospitalized” on the day prior to the hearing, and that he “was
not allowed to leave . . . the hospital” in time to attend the hearing. He made
these statements with the representation that “[t]he information contained in
this pleading is true to the best of my knowledge and belief,” and with the
“understand[ing] that making a false statement in this pleading may subject
me to criminal penalties.” He further indicated that a hospital record was
attached to the motion. In his brief, however, the plaintiff states that the trial
court would not accept the hospital record for filing because it was confidential.
 Under the facts unique to this case, we conclude that the trial court
erred. District Division Rule 1.8(B) generally provides that in cases “other than
small claims cases filed in district division locations in which the electronic
filing pilot program has been implemented,” the trial court will not hear any
motion grounded upon facts that are neither apparent from the record nor
agreed to by the parties unless those facts are verified by affidavit. For small
claims cases filed under the electronic filing pilot program, however, the rule
does not require the filing of an affidavit to verify operative facts, but instead
requires the moving party to “indicate[] in writing an understanding that
making a false statement in the pleading may subject that party to criminal
penalties.” Dist. Div. R. 1.8(B). This case was filed under the electronic filing
pilot program. Accordingly, by representing that the facts in the motion,
including his assertions that he had been involuntarily admitted to a hospital
the day before the hearing and was not allowed to leave the hospital in time to
attend the hearing, were true to the best of his knowledge and belief, and that
he understood that he was subject to criminal penalties to the extent those
statements were false, the plaintiff effectively submitted a verified pleading
attesting to the truth of those facts. Moreover, the defendants did not
challenge these representations, and it is apparent that the plaintiff attempted,
unsuccessfully, to submit a hospital record to corroborate them. If the trial
court questioned the veracity of the plaintiff’s representations, it could have
held a hearing on the motion. Under these circumstances, we conclude that it
was clearly untenable and unreasonable to the plaintiff’s prejudice to deny the
motion without a hearing. We vacate the trial court’s order, and remand for
further proceedings consistent with this order.

Vacated and remanded.

Hicks, Bassett, Hantz Marconi, and Donovan, JJ., concurred.

Eileen Fox,
Clerk

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